If you’ve ever thought about becoming a programmer but didn’t know where to start, you’re in the right place. This mini-guide is made just for you — for beginners who want to step into the world of programming and build a career in one of today’s most in-demand industries.
In this article, we’ll provide you with a clear and straightforward roadmap on how to get started, which programming languages are best for beginners, how to build your first projects, and how to land your first job as a programmer.
Through essential steps and practical tips, this guide on how to become a programmer will show you how to learn, grow, and become successful in the field — no matter your starting point.
And we’ll also take a look at an important question: how much do programmers actually earn?
So, let’s get started…
1. Introduction: Why Become a Programmer?
Becoming a programmer today means opening the door to a world that is constantly growing and full of opportunities for development. In today’s digital age, programming is not only a highly sought-after skill. It is also deeply respected and valued. Since technology forms the foundation of nearly everything we use. From mobile phones to online services. Learning to program can be a smart step toward the future.
One of the major advantages of this career is the high earning potential. Programmers, especially those with specialized knowledge and experience, often earn significantly more than professionals in many other fields. In addition, the IT sector offers great flexibility when it comes to working conditions. Many programmers work remotely on projects that allow them to manage their own time and choose when and where they want to work.
Moreover, programming is a dynamic and intellectually challenging field that is constantly evolving. New tools, languages, and technologies emerge almost daily, which means you never stop learning and improving your skills. This ongoing process of self-development is one of the most rewarding aspects of the profession. There’s always something new to explore and apply.
The tech industry continues to expand across all parts of the world. The demand for skilled programmers is high and is expected to keep rising well into the future. With that in mind, becoming a programmer can offer you a stable and long-term career, regardless of economic shifts or global challenges.
2. What Is Programming and What Do Programmers Actually Do?
Programming is both an art and a science. The process of writing instructions that a computer can understand and execute. These instructions, or code, can be used to create everything from simple apps and websites to complex systems like video games, facial recognition software, and even autonomous vehicles. As a programmer, your job is to write this code in a way that solves specific problems and enables users to benefit from the functionality you’ve developed.
There are many different types of programmers, depending on their specialization and the field they work in. For example, web developers focus on building websites and web applications. Their job involves implementing design and functionality using technologies like HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and various frameworks. Mobile developers create apps for smartphones, using languages such as Swift for iOS or Kotlin for Android. Systems programmers work with software that controls computer hardware and optimize systems for better performance.
Programmers also work with databases, algorithms, and data structures to ensure that software is efficient and manages information correctly. Each area requires specific skills and technologies to master, but the common goal for all programmers is to develop solutions that work and that help users in meaningful ways.
At its core, programming is about building the digital world we live in. From the apps we use every day to the systems that power major global companies. Learning to program means stepping into this fascinating industry and gaining the power to create new technologies that will shape our future. Sounds futuristic, doesn’t it?
3. How to Learn Programming?
Learning programming may seem like a daunting task at first, but once you break it down into smaller steps, it becomes much more manageable. Here are some essential steps and resources that will help you successfully get started in the world of programming:
1. Choose a Programming Language
Beginners should start with simpler, beginner-friendly languages such as:
- Python – One of the easiest languages to start with; useful for everything from web development to data analysis.
- JavaScript – Essential for web programming and one of the most in-demand languages on the market.
- Ruby – A simple and elegant language, ideal for rapid web application development.
The choice of language depends on the area you want to specialize in. For example, if you’re interested in web development, JavaScript is a great starting point. If you prefer data analysis or automation, Python is a perfect choice.
2. Use Free Online Resources
A great way to start learning is through free platforms that teach programming from scratch:
- Codecademy – Offers interactive lessons covering a wide range of languages and technologies.
- freeCodeCamp – A comprehensive free course with projects, coding challenges, and certification.
- Udemy and Coursera – Provide high-quality courses that are often free or available at a low cost.
3. Work on Projects
The best way to learn programming is through practice. As you learn new concepts, try to:
- Build a simple website using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript.
- Create a to-do list app or a calculator in Python.
- Fill your GitHub profile with personal projects to showcase your progress and skills.
4. Follow YouTube Channels
Many YouTube channels offer free, beginner-friendly tutorials. Some of the most popular include:
- The Net Ninja – Great for beginners and those wanting to dive into web development.
- Traversy Media – Covers a wide range of technologies and programming languages.
- Programming with Mosh – High-quality tutorials for Python, JavaScript, and more.
5. Join Communities and Forums
Find communities where you can ask questions, share experiences, and learn from others. Popular ones include:
- Stack Overflow – The largest Q&A platform for programmers.
- Reddit (r/learnprogramming) – A helpful space where beginners can ask questions and exchange advice.
- Discord and Slack groups – Many tech communities have chat rooms where you can connect with fellow programmers in real time.
These are just the initial steps. Think of them as your foundation. Once you’ve mastered the basics, the possibilities are endless.
4. Understanding the Basic Concepts of Programming
Basic Concept
To become a good programmer, it’s essential to understand the core concepts that form the foundation of every programming language. While syntax and features may differ from one language to another, the fundamental ideas remain the same. When writing code, it’s important to know what variables, functions, loops, conditionals, and arrays are. These building blocks are at the heart of all programming languages.
First, variables are used to store data in memory. For example, you can assign a number to a variable like x = 5 in Python. Variables allow you to work with data dynamically throughout your code.
Functions
Another key concept is functions. A function is a block of code designed to perform a specific task. For instance, you can write a function that adds two numbers and then call it whenever you need that operation. Functions help keep your code organized and reusable.
Loops and conditions
Then come loops! They let you execute the same block of code multiple times without rewriting it. For example, if you want to repeat an action for every item in a list, you’ll use a loop. This saves time and effort, making your code much shorter and more efficient.
Conditionals are essential when your program needs to make decisions. For example, you can write: “If the number is greater than 10, do this; otherwise, do something else.” This kind of logic allows your program to behave differently based on various inputs or situations.
Arrays or lists
Finally, arrays (or lists) are collections of data that allow you to group values together. For example, you can create an array of numbers or names and use them later in your program to perform actions on each item.
Each of these core elements is extremely important and will be used in nearly every program you write, no matter which language you choose. Understanding how these basic components work will help you write clean, efficient, and well-organized code.
Upgrade later, but first understand the basic concept
As you progress, these fundamentals will evolve into more advanced topics. For instance, once you’ve mastered the basics, you’ll be ready to explore subjects like object-oriented programming (OOP) or asynchronous programming. But don’t worry about that for now; Having a solid grasp of these essential concepts is more than enough to get started.
5. Building Your Portfolio
Building a portfolio is essential for every beginner. A portfolio is a collection of your best work and projects that showcase your skills and capabilities. While you may not have many projects at the beginning, you can start with small tasks and applications you’ve created during your learning journey.
Make a few projects
Start by creating a simple project that solves a real-world problem. This could be something like a calculator, a basic website, or a task-tracking app. As you learn more, add more complex projects that demonstrate your understanding of new technologies. For example, you might build a personal website or a blog platform.
Post projects on online platforms
Once you’ve built a few projects, upload them to online platforms like GitHub, where potential employers can view your code and contributions. Also, consider creating a personal website or blog where you can showcase your projects, share your experiences, and document your learning progress.
Your portfolio is your opportunity to demonstrate what you know and make a strong impression on future employers. Whether you’re aiming to work as a freelancer or applying for a job, a solid portfolio is your key to standing out and achieving success.
6. How to Find a Job as a Programmer
Landing your first job as a programmer may seem challenging at first, but with the right approach, it’s an entirely achievable goal. Here are several practical tips that can help you succeed in the process.
Use LinkedIn
Start by using LinkedIn and other job platforms. LinkedIn is one of the most powerful tools for networking and connecting with employers. Make sure your profile is up-to-date, and start connecting with industry professionals as well as potential employers. In addition to LinkedIn, platforms like Indeed, Glassdoor, AngelList, and WeWorkRemotely offer thousands of programming jobs. Whether you’re aiming for full-time employment or freelancing opportunities.
Upwork or Fiverr as a Launchpad
Another great option is to sign up for freelance platforms. If you’re looking to gain hands-on experience and work on real-world projects, freelancing can be an ideal starting point. Platforms like Upwork, Freelancer, and Fiverr offer a wide variety of programming jobs, ranging from small tasks to complex projects. Working through these platforms not only helps you build your portfolio but also earn valuable references. Both of which can be crucial when applying for full-time positions later on.
Networking, a.k.a. Building Connections
Networking is absolutely essential. Attend events like hackathons, developer meetups, or tech conferences. These are great opportunities to meet people in the industry, exchange knowledge, and discover job openings that might not even be advertised online. Building relationships with professionals can often lead to unexpected opportunities.
Prepare for Interviews
Another key step is to prepare for job interviews. Employers are not only looking for technical skills. They also value your ability to communicate clearly and solve problems efficiently. Practice answering common programming interview questions, such as algorithm challenges, live coding tasks, and explaining your previous projects. The more confident and prepared you are, the better your chances of leaving a positive impression.
And finally: don’t get discouraged if you don’t land a job immediately. The job search process can take time, but persistence and continuous learning are your greatest allies. Every application, every interview, and every project you complete brings you one step closer to your goal.
Patience is the mother of success.
Average Programmer Salaries: Europe, Worldwide, and the Balkans
Worldwide
Globally, software developer salaries vary significantly depending on the country, region, and industry. On average:
- United States: $90,000 – $140,000 per year
(Approximately $7,000 – $12,000 per month) - Canada: $65,000 – $100,000 per year
- Australia: $70,000 – $110,000 per year
- India: $8,000 – $20,000 per year
(Due to lower cost of living, though top-tier developers can earn more)
Top earners in fields like AI, machine learning, and blockchain often surpass these ranges.
Europe
In Europe, average programmer salaries depend largely on the country:
- Western Europe
- Germany / Netherlands / UK: €50,000 – €85,000 annually
(Roughly €4,000 – €7,000 per month) - France / Belgium / Austria: €40,000 – €70,000
- Germany / Netherlands / UK: €50,000 – €85,000 annually
- Northern Europe
- Sweden / Norway / Denmark: €55,000 – €90,000 annually
- Southern Europe
- Spain / Italy / Portugal: €25,000 – €45,000 annually
- Eastern Europe
- Poland / Hungary / Romania: €20,000 – €40,000 annually
(Approximately €1,600 – €3,300 per month)
- Poland / Hungary / Romania: €20,000 – €40,000 annually
The Balkans
In the Balkan region, salaries tend to be lower compared to Western Europe but are steadily rising due to growing demand for IT professionals:
- Junior Developers: €500 – €1,000 per month
- Mid-Level Developers: €1,200 – €2,500 per month
- Senior Developers: €2,500 – €4,000+ per month
(Specialized roles in AI, cloud, or blockchain may earn up to €5,000+)
Freelancers in the region usually earn between €1,000 and €3,000 per month, depending on workload, client base, and experience.
These figures are approximate and can vary based on experience, skill set, job type (freelance vs. full-time), company size, and location. However, they provide a realistic picture of earning potential for programmers today.
NOTE
And that’s it for this guide! We hope you’re now ready to dive into the world of programming and soon start writing code that will change the world.
And remember:
ALL GREAT PROGRAMMERS WERE ONCE BEGINNERS!
Just like all champions were once amateurs.
Now, before a “bug” catches you to fix, we wish you great success on your programming journey! Maybe one day we’ll meet on GitHub, and until then… happy coding! 🔥💻
P.S. If you run into a bug you can’t fix, believe us, you’re not alone.
(And when you become great programmers and start making big money, don’t forget about us haha 😅)
Thanks for reading, follow us on YouTube, and stay tuned to our blog malamedija.rs
Cheers,
Your Malamedija
